Does the Federal Reserve make a positive contribution toward helping individual citizens achieve The American Dream? According to my sources, the Federal Reserve is neither Federal nor a Reserve. It is a private corporation, authorized in 1913 by President Woodrow Wilson to loan money to the United States Treasury at interest. Taxpayers pay the interest on the money the Treasury borrows from the private Federal Reserve. Prior to 1913, there was no federal income tax. The IRS is the collection agency of the private Federal Reserve. This is why the end-the-fed movement continues to grow.