Karabakh is one of the ancient historical regions of Azerbaijan. The name of Karabakh, an integral part of Azerbaijan, is derived from the Azerbaijani words "black" and "garden". The word "Karabakh" given by the Azerbaijani people to a part of their native land has been used in the first sources since the
7th century.
When talking about Karabakh, a question arises in advance: where is Karabakh and what territories does it cover in Azerbaijan? The answer to this question is even more relevant today and is important for understanding the "Nagorno-Karabakh problem" committed by Armenian separatists. Let's turn to the first source to answer the question.Mirza Jamal Javanshir Garabagli, who was the vizier of the Azerbaijani state - the Karabakh khanate, which covered this area at the time, wrote about this issue in his book "History of Karabakh" (1847)is the river - from Khudafar bridge to Sinig bridge.To the east is the Kura River, which joins the Araz River in the village of Javad and flows into the Caspian Sea. From the north, the border of Karabakh with Yelizavetpol (meaning Ganja province) is up to the Kura River - Goran River, and the Kura River reaches the Araz River in many places. from the west are the high Karabakh mountains called Kushbek, Salvarti and Arikli ".
Such an accurate description of the territory and borders of Karabakh in the first period of Russian occupation and colonization is explained by the fact that
1. This fact is written by a statesman directly involved in the administration of Karabakh, in other words, this fact is an official word based on official documents, an official word of a statesman in the service of Russia;
2. On the other hand, this fact is not only based on reality and experience, but also proven by primary sources. It is no coincidence that Mirza Jamal referred to ancient history books to prove his point.
As can be seen, as a political-geographical place, in history there has always been a general concept of "Karabakh", not "Nagorno-Karabakh", but as a whole, that is, covering the entire territory of Karabakh - the mountains, the plains. In other words, the term "Nagorno-Karabakh" is a "product" of much later, a name given to a part of Karabakh with the intention of separatism. Logic also proves this: if there is Nagorno-Karabakh, then there is lowland Karabakh. The reality is the same: today in Azerbaijan there is both Nagorno-Karabakh and Aran Karabakh. Both lowland and mountainous Karabakh have always been the homeland of one nation in all historical periods - the people of Azerbaijan, the people with the words "black" and "garden" in their language. Hundreds of ancient, rare examples of folklore and musical pearls of the Azerbaijani people were created in Karabakh and are connected with Karabakh.
Guruchay culture (Paleolithic period), Leylatapa culture (Eneolithic period), Kur-Araz culture (Early Bronze Age), Uzerliktepe culture (Middle Bronze Age), Khojaly-Gadabay culture (Late Bronze Age) iron age) as wellHundreds of ancient and medieval historical monuments have been studied and presented to the world scientific community. It has long been known to world archeology that all these monuments belong to the historical past of the Azerbaijani people, and these monuments have nothing to do with Armenian history.
Nagorno-Karabakh is the western region of the Republic of Azerbaijan, ie it is a part of Karabakh in general. During the Soviet era, in July 1923, the area was 4,400 square meters. km or 5.1% of the total territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region was established. The province included Shusha, Askeran district, Hadrut district, renamed and pronounced in Armenian, Mardakert district, Martuni district and Stepanakert (the name of this city was Khankendi until the early days of the Soviet Union). Nagorno-Karabakh is an integral part of the present-day Republic of Azerbaijan. At present, along with the surrounding territories, it is under the occupation of the Republic of Armenia. Historically, it is a region inhabited by today's Azerbaijanis. It is one of the territories where Armenians were resettled to Azerbaijan en masse since 1820.
The roots of the Nagorno-Karabakh problem date back to the 18th century and are no longer ancient. Because Armenians were resettled in Karabakh from the Iranian plateau and Anatolia as a result of the purposeful activity of the Iranian political elite. Gradually, the number of Armenians began to make territorial claims.Even during the Karabakh khanate, they acted as separatists and organized marches of foreign forces to the khanate. After the occupation of the Karabakh khanate by Russia in 1805, the resettlement of Armenians here, as well as in the territories of Yerevan and Nakhchivan, intensified. even the Turkmenchay Treaty (1828) included clauses formalizing this process.
From the beginning of the twentieth century, the Armenians made real claims to the lands of Karabakh, Yerevan and Nakhchivan, and received strong support from Iran and Russia. In 1918, genocide was committed for this purpose throughout Azerbaijan. The goal was to create a "Greater Armenia from sea to sea." After the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, everything seemed to be resolved with the concession of the ancient Azerbaijani land of Yerevan to the Armenians (in 1918). During the Soviet era, Zangazur and Goycha were also given to Armenians. Thus, Russia and Iran separated not only Turkey and Azerbaijan, but also Nakhchivan from Azerbaijan. During the Soviet period, they repeatedly tried to give Karabakh to the Armenians, but it did not happen.Near the collapse of the Soviet Union, Armenians were already armed in Karabakh and began active military operations in 1988. Military operations were suspended by a ceasefire in 1994, and Nagorno-Karabakh and seven other regions of neighboring Azerbaijan - Lachin, Kalbajar, Agdam, Fizuli, Jabrayil, Gubadli, and Zangilan - were occupied by Armenia. The separatist regime in Nagorno-Karabakh declared independence in 1991. This "independence", which does not meet the legal requirements of any international law, has never been rightly recognized by any country in the world.
7th century.
When talking about Karabakh, a question arises in advance: where is Karabakh and what territories does it cover in Azerbaijan? The answer to this question is even more relevant today and is important for understanding the "Nagorno-Karabakh problem" committed by Armenian separatists. Let's turn to the first source to answer the question.Mirza Jamal Javanshir Garabagli, who was the vizier of the Azerbaijani state - the Karabakh khanate, which covered this area at the time, wrote about this issue in his book "History of Karabakh" (1847)is the river - from Khudafar bridge to Sinig bridge.To the east is the Kura River, which joins the Araz River in the village of Javad and flows into the Caspian Sea. From the north, the border of Karabakh with Yelizavetpol (meaning Ganja province) is up to the Kura River - Goran River, and the Kura River reaches the Araz River in many places. from the west are the high Karabakh mountains called Kushbek, Salvarti and Arikli ".
Such an accurate description of the territory and borders of Karabakh in the first period of Russian occupation and colonization is explained by the fact that
1. This fact is written by a statesman directly involved in the administration of Karabakh, in other words, this fact is an official word based on official documents, an official word of a statesman in the service of Russia;
2. On the other hand, this fact is not only based on reality and experience, but also proven by primary sources. It is no coincidence that Mirza Jamal referred to ancient history books to prove his point.
As can be seen, as a political-geographical place, in history there has always been a general concept of "Karabakh", not "Nagorno-Karabakh", but as a whole, that is, covering the entire territory of Karabakh - the mountains, the plains. In other words, the term "Nagorno-Karabakh" is a "product" of much later, a name given to a part of Karabakh with the intention of separatism. Logic also proves this: if there is Nagorno-Karabakh, then there is lowland Karabakh. The reality is the same: today in Azerbaijan there is both Nagorno-Karabakh and Aran Karabakh. Both lowland and mountainous Karabakh have always been the homeland of one nation in all historical periods - the people of Azerbaijan, the people with the words "black" and "garden" in their language. Hundreds of ancient, rare examples of folklore and musical pearls of the Azerbaijani people were created in Karabakh and are connected with Karabakh.
Guruchay culture (Paleolithic period), Leylatapa culture (Eneolithic period), Kur-Araz culture (Early Bronze Age), Uzerliktepe culture (Middle Bronze Age), Khojaly-Gadabay culture (Late Bronze Age) iron age) as wellHundreds of ancient and medieval historical monuments have been studied and presented to the world scientific community. It has long been known to world archeology that all these monuments belong to the historical past of the Azerbaijani people, and these monuments have nothing to do with Armenian history.
Nagorno-Karabakh is the western region of the Republic of Azerbaijan, ie it is a part of Karabakh in general. During the Soviet era, in July 1923, the area was 4,400 square meters. km or 5.1% of the total territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region was established. The province included Shusha, Askeran district, Hadrut district, renamed and pronounced in Armenian, Mardakert district, Martuni district and Stepanakert (the name of this city was Khankendi until the early days of the Soviet Union). Nagorno-Karabakh is an integral part of the present-day Republic of Azerbaijan. At present, along with the surrounding territories, it is under the occupation of the Republic of Armenia. Historically, it is a region inhabited by today's Azerbaijanis. It is one of the territories where Armenians were resettled to Azerbaijan en masse since 1820.
The roots of the Nagorno-Karabakh problem date back to the 18th century and are no longer ancient. Because Armenians were resettled in Karabakh from the Iranian plateau and Anatolia as a result of the purposeful activity of the Iranian political elite. Gradually, the number of Armenians began to make territorial claims.Even during the Karabakh khanate, they acted as separatists and organized marches of foreign forces to the khanate. After the occupation of the Karabakh khanate by Russia in 1805, the resettlement of Armenians here, as well as in the territories of Yerevan and Nakhchivan, intensified. even the Turkmenchay Treaty (1828) included clauses formalizing this process.
From the beginning of the twentieth century, the Armenians made real claims to the lands of Karabakh, Yerevan and Nakhchivan, and received strong support from Iran and Russia. In 1918, genocide was committed for this purpose throughout Azerbaijan. The goal was to create a "Greater Armenia from sea to sea." After the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, everything seemed to be resolved with the concession of the ancient Azerbaijani land of Yerevan to the Armenians (in 1918). During the Soviet era, Zangazur and Goycha were also given to Armenians. Thus, Russia and Iran separated not only Turkey and Azerbaijan, but also Nakhchivan from Azerbaijan. During the Soviet period, they repeatedly tried to give Karabakh to the Armenians, but it did not happen.Near the collapse of the Soviet Union, Armenians were already armed in Karabakh and began active military operations in 1988. Military operations were suspended by a ceasefire in 1994, and Nagorno-Karabakh and seven other regions of neighboring Azerbaijan - Lachin, Kalbajar, Agdam, Fizuli, Jabrayil, Gubadli, and Zangilan - were occupied by Armenia. The separatist regime in Nagorno-Karabakh declared independence in 1991. This "independence", which does not meet the legal requirements of any international law, has never been rightly recognized by any country in the world.
