Essentially our disagreement boils down to this- at what point does that cluster of cells become developed enough to make it morally wrong to kill it?
Sorta. A toddler will usually develop into a teen. I assume that's too far to morally kill. The relatively less developed stage of the toddlers life (at the embryo stage) makes it no less alive and no less human.
The value we place on those cells is a matter of opinion. If you think the embryo is less valuable I'd ask, why?
You say as soon as the zygote is formed, I would argue perhaps later- maybe up until when it is at the fetal stage.
Why?
A consideration in this that needs to be made though is what happens when we figure out a way to take part of an adult or child human and use it to make another human? At this point, would you argue that those cluster of cells are also now sacred because they could become a human life?
Are you asking how we should view, morally, cells taken from an adult host that can be cultivated into a complete genetically identical human?
That's a different discussion. However, as noted before, if we're doing it for spare parts it is unethical. If we are doing it to make a clone army, football team etc it is unethical. Intent matters.
And what about the case in which a woman's uterus cannot house a growing embryo and despite the embryo being created, it dies only because of the poor environment?
The uterus is not a lab where the embryo's cells are removed for testing. That embryo was a living human that died before implantation. This happens all the time and even those poor environments sometimes result in successful implantation. These are quite different factually and morally.
How about when you consider that that same embryo would have been fine in a healthy woman's body?
This is not on topic. We do not require every embryo to successfully implant and be born. NATURAL processes dictate this will not happen. However, embryonic stem cell research kills embryos through complete NON-NATURAL processes. They are very different factually and morally.
All three of these scenarios may very well consider the same group/type of cells, but it is just the environment that differs (the adult's might be induced pluripotent stem cells). So is it the environment of the healthy mother's body that you believe makes that group of cells special not any physical trait or anything about the embryonic cells themselves?
No. I am saying an embryo is living and human. You are asking about whether it will survive. Sometimes it MAY NOT survive in the uterus. If subject to stem cell research it WILL NOT. There is a big difference between letting nature take its course and prohibitting nature from taking its course.
(your first hypo did not involve an embryo - it is an interesting question though and I've read some interesting arguments about it. None of which, of course, I currently recall)
p.s. you get my point- I am not asking all of those questions literally, but rhetorically- it is really just the last one that I am wondering what you think about.
I think I addressed it? If not hit me again from another angle.