After reading this a little closer, it is mainly reorganizing duties from previous EOs. However there are a few differences from EO 12919 that Clinton signed in 1994, to which this EO is compared.
The first comes in Part III – Expansion of Productive Capacity and Supply, Sec 301 Loan Guarantees. EO 12919 states, “To expedite or expand production and deliveries of services UNDER GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS…essential to the national defense…” The new EO states, “To reduce current or projected shortfalls of resources, critical items, or materials essential for the national defense…” The wording change is fairly subtle, but it definitely broadens the scope of loan guarantees by the Executive branch.
Another difference is that this new EO adds a section in Part VI – Labor Requirements. Section 2 sets up the Secretary of Labor as a player in developing policies regulating induction and deferment of military personnel. I know some people have freaked out over this section, but it does nothing new to implement a draft. It seems like all it does is allow the Secretary of Labor to be a consultant to the Secretary of Defense and the Director of Selective Service.
Another difference is that the new EO removes a few steps in the reporting process of offset agreements, and removes a few other reporting requirements to Congress about defense industrial base information. Not much to write home about here.
Despite this EO being similar to others, this whole concept is still a little disconcerting. I completely understand the need for our government to assess how we can respond to emergencies. I completely understand that exceptions need to be made to regulations during emergency situations. However, I completely disagree with parts of these orders that allow the government to intervene in the market in nonemergency situations through buying, selling, and loaning to businesses of their choosing without regulation or repercussion.