myp,
et al,
I thought I'd wait, and let others weigh-in before answering.
To not put a value at some point on life is not realistic. Because life is value, but there is other value too. It can be a discomforting thought at first, but reality is not always comforting.
(COMMENT)
This is a slippery slope.
The fact is that there are costs associated with healthcare and someone has to pay them. In doing so, even if it is the government, that value used to save a person's life may well have been taken from some other place. It is about costs and benefits. If there was some hypothetical situation where a man could be saved at a nominal cost equal to GDP, I doubt any nation, even with healthcare established as "right" would pay it- regardless of their views on human life because at the end of the day, the net losses would likely be greater than the benefits. In saving that one man, you might hurt millions of others.
(COMMENT)
(IMO) You are correct. There is no price you can place on a human life. Healthcare is a matter of liability. If there is a "Constitutional Right" to proper healthcare, then --- you are (in effect) placing an unlimited liability on healthcare. However, if healthcare is a benefit, then you are applying the "Hand Rule:"
- Benefit must be equal to (greater than) the probability times the liability. B=> (p)L (Economic Analysis of the Law by Judge Richard Posner)
I also don't like the notion that America does not care about human life or strive to maintain it in its best condition. I do not think that is a fair point to make. For one, look at end of life treatments. Americans greatly outspend the rest of the world in trying to keep their old alive in what best condition they can. They not only outspend, but they try more- they try more surgeries, they try more experimental treatments, they try as much as they can. Doctors even push more for procedures. It is one of the often forgotten but quite substantial reasons why Americans pay so much for healthcare- end of life costs are tremendously expensive and where a similar situation in France might end with the family letting the person die in peace, Americans will often fight to the end at whatever cost to keep that person alive as long as possible. It is very much a cultural thing as it is a result of the system. America values life- perhaps too much. I recommend Atul Gawande's writing on this if it interests you.
(COMMENT)
Again, this is about "liability" and the "health of the healthcare and pharmaceutical industry;" and not about benevolent healthcare.
The level of care is directly connected to cost reimbursement. No healthcare facility operates at a loss for very long. Its revenues
(all sources, public & private) must cover its operating costs.
- HCA Holdings made $1,207M
- Community Health Systems made $280M
- Tenet Healthcare made $1,143.0M
- DaVita made $405.7M
- Universal Health Services made $230.2M
- Health Management Associates made $150.1M
The top entities in Insurance and Managed Care profited:
- UnitedHealth Group $4,634M
- WellPoint $2,887M
- Aetna 77 $1,766M
- Humana $1,099M
- Cigna $1,345.0M
The Pharmaceutical Industry, the source of the wonder drugs, profits from care.
- Pfizer made $8.257B,
- Johnson & Johnson made $13.334B
- Merck made $861M
- Abbott Laboratories $4.626B
- Eli Lilly made $5.069B
- Bristol-Myers Squibb made $3,102B
- Amgen made $4.627B
- Gilead Sciences made $2,901B
Doctors face about 17,000 malpractice suits annually. They have to try everything reasonable to avoid legal entanglements and accountability; with each award between $100K-$200K or $1.7B/year.
Among others, these factors come together to set the stage for the cost, which then drives you logic on practical payments. But we must keep in mind that, all these factors that drive healthcare cost are based on "maximization of wealth" factors, and not truly a benevolent care for those that need care.
The problem with cut-throat, capitalistic drivers, when talking about healthcare is that capitalism (the maximization of wealth) trumps the positive medicine and benevolent care philosophies in every sector of industry that provides that care. And so, it by default, cannot allow healthcare to be a "right of man."
Healthcare is a business right, a commodity, it is a reimbursement for services and materials rendered. It is a luxury that one can either afford, or not afford. It is rare (very rare) to find healthcare in America that is based on need, and not on (ultimately) cost.
You are misusing the term Darwinian as is often misused in today's world. It is a disservice to the man who found immense beauty in humanity, evolution, and natural selection while for almost his whole life struggling with the implications of what survival of the fittest in nature meant for man. Social darwinism is not darwinism and it disregards what the theory of evolution actually tells us. Sometimes cooperation is the best action and evolution encompasses that. Small quib, but to me an important one (as someone who studied biology).
(COMMENT)
Yes, maybe I use a more controversial definition of the impact.
Michael Ruse said:
I understand three things by Darwinism. First the fact of evolution, namely that all organisms came through a long slow process of development – a natural process – from a few forms and ultimately from inorganic material.
SOURCE:
http://stanfordreview.org/article/impact-darwinism/
Most Respectfully,
R